1.penalise (verb)
Hindi Meaning - दण्ड देना, सज़ा देना, अनुशासन देना
English Meaning - punish, discipline, mete out punishment to.
2.premier (adjective)
Hindi Meaning - प्रधान, अग्रणी, सर्वोच्च
English Meaning - leading, highest, pre-eminent, outstanding.
3.regime (noun)
Hindi Meaning - शासन, सरकार
English Meaning - government.
4.involvement (noun)
Hindi Meaning - भागीदारी, भाग लेना, सहभागिता
English Meaning - participation, taking part, engagement.
5.acknowledge (verb)
Hindi Meaning - स्वीकार करना, पहचानना, एहसास करना
English Meaning - accept, recognize, realize.
6.move (noun)
Hindi Meaning - कदम, क्रिया, चाल, कार्यवाही
English Meaning - step, action, act, measure.
7.by no means (phrase)
Hindi Meaning - किसी भी तरह से नहीं, बिल्कुल नहीं
English Meaning - not at all, in no way, , on no account, under no circumstance.
8.ostracise (verb)
Hindi Meaning - बहिष्कृत करना, निष्कासित करना
English Meaning - exclude, reject, blacklist, shun/spurn.
9.unprecedented (adjective)
Hindi Meaning - अभूतपूर्व, अनोखा
English Meaning - not done or experienced before.
10.more or less (phrase)
Hindi Meaning - करीब करीब, कुछ हद तक
English Meaning - nearly, almost, to a certain extent/level.
11.nationalism (noun)
Hindi Meaning - राष्ट्रवाद
English Meaning - it refers to a system (with narrow set of ideas) created by a group of people who believe their nation is superior to all others.
12.unilaterally (adverb)
Hindi Meaning - एकतरफ़ा
English Meaning - used to indicate something done by a person/country without approval/agreement from other people/countries involved in the situation.
13.administration (noun)
Hindi Meaning - प्रशासन, प्रबंधन, संचालन
English Meaning - management, operation, leadership.
14.autonomous (adjective)
Hindi Meaning - स्वायत्तशासी, स्वतंत्र, स्व-निर्णायक
English Meaning - self-governing, independent, self-determining.
15.checks and balances (plural noun)
Hindi Meaning - नियंत्रण और संतुलन
English Meaning - a system in which all departments of a government organization have right to amend/limit the powers of the other departments in order to avoid dominance of one department.
16.myopic (adjective)
English Meaning - short-sighted, narrow-minded, small-minded, unimaginative, lacking foresight, parochial, illiberal, intolerant.
17.a can of worms (phrase)
English Meaning - a troublesome situation; an issue whose resolution is difficult or contentious but not necessarily complex.
18.rage (verb)
English Meaning - be violent, be at its height, be turbulent, be uncontrollable, continue with intensity.
19.be hard on (phrase)
English Meaning - be or unfair to.
20.reigning (adjective)
English Meaning - defending, current.
21.transcend (verb)
English Meaning - go beyond, rise above, cut across.
22.be rooted in (verb)
English Meaning - have as an origin or cause.
23.pushback (noun)
English Meaning - resistance, opposition (to a change).
24.splintered (adjective)
English Meaning - divided, fragmented, split, separated, disintegrated.
25.umbrella (noun as modifier)
English Meaning - protection, guidance, support, backing, guardianship.
26.umbrella organization (noun)
English Meaning - an association of institutions who work together formally to coordinate activities and/or pool resources.
27.(be) shorn of (phrasal verb)
English Meaning - to have something important removed from.
28.seemingly (adverb)
English Meaning - obviously, palpably, apparently.
29.optics (noun)
English Meaning - the way in which something (political action/situation) is recognized by the general public.
30.aloft (adverb)
English Meaning - upwards, up, on high, higher, into the air
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